BTW, excellent custom, Hadoque!
Willem van Oranje brought the fragmented little countries and cities together to get the Spanish out. He lost almost everything in those wars, his fortune, his brother, his good name, his life. The war is known as ´de 80 jarige oorlog´ 80 years lasting war.. his son Prince Maurits and Frederik Hendrik.. cousin or grandson, I forgot, finally succeeded and the Republic of the Netherlands was born... Holland and Belgium nowadays.
You´ll understand that´s why Willem van Oranje is the most important person in Dutch history
Because the British and the French were too busy fighting eachother, the young republic could grow to a force of big importance.. a big fleet with lot of colonies all over the world, the VOC, the first stock exchange, insurance companies, scientific discoveries etc.
Later, it became a kingdom, a descendent of Willem van Oranje became king. In 19th century, the southern Netherlands were dissatisfied because of the way they were treated by the northern Netherlands followed by a short war... again, the northern countries underestimated the south and the northern army was crashed by the south. They split up, the southern netherlands became Belgium and the northern remained The Netherlands. Holland is a region in west Netherlands, people always say Holland when they mean The Netherlands, also the Dutch... I think the same as people say England when they mean Great Britain.
Well, I hope this history class will answer all your questions and I hope I didn´t make too many mistakes
My English is not flawless...
Lynx